A-Z Glossary
Ingredient Library
Understand exactly what goes into your supplements. Explore our comprehensive database of active ingredients, vitamins, botanicals, and clinical compounds.
A
6 ingredientsAfrican Mango
A fruit seed extract studied for its potential effects on leptin sensitivity, appetite control, and weight management.
Aloe Vera Gel
A soothing plant extract used topically for skin repair and orally for digestive comfort and mucosal support.
Alpha-Lipoic Acid
A potent antioxidant compound studied for its role in cellular glucose uptake and nerve health.
Apigenin
A naturally occurring flavonoid, abundant in chamomile, that binds to GABA-A receptors to support relaxation and sleep onset.
Arnica
A botanical extract traditionally used in topical preparations to support recovery from bruises, sprains, and muscle soreness.
Ashwagandha
An adaptogenic herb used in Ayurvedic medicine to help the body manage stress, reduce cortisol levels, and improve overall vitality.
B
8 ingredientsBacopa Monnieri
A traditional Ayurvedic herb highly regarded for its cognitive enhancement properties, specifically for memory improvement and anxiety reduction.
Banaba Leaf
A traditional Southeast Asian botanical containing corosolic acid, studied for supporting healthy blood sugar metabolism.
Beet Root
A natural source of dietary nitrates that significantly enhances nitric oxide production, supporting cardiovascular health and athletic endurance.
Berberine
A bioactive plant alkaloid studied for its ability to support healthy blood sugar levels, insulin sensitivity, and cholesterol metabolism.
Bifidobacterium Bifidum
A prominent probiotic strain native to the human gastrointestinal tract, known for supporting gut barrier function and immunity.
Biotin
Vitamin B7, a coenzyme for carboxylases involved in fatty acid synthesis and gluconeogenesis, popular for hair and nail support.
Bitter Melon
A traditional botanical used across Asian and Ayurvedic medicine to support healthy blood sugar levels.
Black Cohosh
A botanical extract widely studied for the relief of vasomotor symptoms (hot flashes) associated with the menopause transition.
C
20 ingredientsCaffeine
A potent central nervous system stimulant that effectively reduces physical fatigue and restores mental alertness when unusual weakness or drowsiness occurs.
Calcium
A fundamental mineral required for bone density and triggering muscle contractions during exercise.
Camphor
A naturally derived or synthetic terpene used as a topical counter-irritant to relieve mild to moderate joint discomfort.
Capsicum Annuum
Derived from chili peppers, this botanical extract contains capsaicin, which supports circulation and metabolic rate.
Cascara Sagrada Bark
A traditional herbal stimulant laxative used for constipation relief, historically popular before regulatory changes.
Chloride
An essential electrolyte that pairs with sodium to maintain fluid balance and blood volume.
Choline
An essential nutrient critical for liver function, brain development, and the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
Chondroitin
A structural component of cartilage commonly paired with glucosamine in joint-support formulas, with evidence suggesting a modest but somewhat more consistent effect on joint pain than glucosamine alone.
Chromium
An essential trace mineral involved in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, commonly used to support healthy blood sugar levels.
Cinnamon Bark
A common culinary spice extract studied for its ability to support healthy post-meal blood sugar response.
Coenzyme Q10
A fat-soluble quinone critical for mitochondrial energy (ATP) production and antioxidant defense, particularly in cardiac tissue.
Coleus
Fat burning aid. A botanical extract that stimulates cAMP production, often used for metabolic support.
Collagen
The most abundant structural protein in the human body, providing tensile strength to skin, cartilage, tendons, and bones.
Colostrum
The nutrient-dense first milk produced by cows in the days after calving, studied for its concentration of immunoglobulins and growth factors that may support gut barrier integrity and immune resilience during intense training.
Copper
A trace mineral essential for iron transport, energy production, and connective tissue formation.
CoQ10
A vitamin-like compound essential for mitochondrial ATP production and cellular antioxidant defense, notably in heart and muscle tissue.
Corn Starch
A complex carbohydrate used in endurance sports for slow, sustained energy release without insulin spikes.
Creatine Alpha-Ketoglutarate
Creatine bound to alpha-ketoglutarate (AKG), marketed for superior absorption without requiring an insulin spike.
Creatine Monohydrate
A highly researched organic acid that facilitates rapid ATP recycling in muscle and brain tissue, supporting physical power and cognitive energy.
Creatine Pyruvate
A compound binding creatine to pyruvic acid, theorized to combine anaerobic strength benefits with aerobic endurance support.
D
6 ingredientsDandelion Root
A traditional botanical widely used as a mild diuretic and liver support agent to aid detoxification and weight management.
DHA
An essential omega-3 fatty acid critical for brain health, cognitive maintenance, and ocular development.
DHEA
An adrenal hormone precursor that the body can convert into testosterone and estrogen through enzymatic pathways.
Dihydroberberine
A more bioavailable derivative of Berberine, requiring a much smaller dose to achieve comparable metabolic support.
DIM
A phytonutrient extracted from cruciferous vegetables that promotes healthy estrogen metabolism and clearance.
DMSO
An organosulfur compound used primarily as a highly effective topical penetration enhancer and localized anti-inflammatory.
E
6 ingredientsElderberry
A potent dark purple berry highly concentrated in anthocyanins, renowned for supporting immune function and combating cold symptoms.
Eleuthero
An adaptogenic herb, also known as Siberian Ginseng, used to increase stamina, resilience to stress, and support energy levels.
EPA
A long-chain omega-3 fatty acid highly recognized for its potent anti-inflammatory properties and cardiovascular benefits.
Erythritol
A naturally occurring sugar alcohol used as a zero-calorie sweetener that does not impact blood glucose.
Ethanol
A type of alcohol found in alcoholic beverages, occasionally discussed in metabolic or nutritional contexts regarding its effects on the body.
Extra Virgin Olive Oil
A heart-healthy fat rich in monounsaturated oleic acid, widely used as a carrier oil and metabolic health supporter.
F
8 ingredientsFadogia Agrestis
A West African botanical increasingly popular in testosterone-support formulas, though with very limited human clinical trial data.
Fenugreek
An ancient herb used to support healthy blood sugar levels, digestion, and naturally boost male vitality.
Fiber
A diverse group of indigestible plant carbohydrates essential for digestive health, blood sugar regulation, and cardiovascular support.
Fish Oil
A whole-food derived oil rich in omega-3 fatty acids, widely used for foundational metabolic and cardiovascular health.
Flaxseed Oil
A plant-based oil rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), used to support cardiovascular and ocular health.
Flaxseed Powder
A functional food source of soluble mucilage fiber, lignans, and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) for digestive and cardiovascular support.
Fluoride
A naturally occurring mineral widely used in dental care to prevent tooth decay and remineralize weakened enamel.
Folate
Vitamin B9, essential for DNA synthesis, cell division, and healthy fetal neural tube development.
G
13 ingredientsGABA
The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, responsible for calming neural excitability and promoting relaxation.
Ginger
A medicinal root renowned for its potent antiemetic (anti-nausea) properties and broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory effects.
Ginkgo Biloba
An ancient tree extract widely recognized for enhancing microcirculation, particularly to the brain and auditory system.
Ginseng
A classic adaptogenic root used globally to support energy, cognitive function, and general metabolic vitality.
Glucosamine
An amino sugar naturally found in cartilage, widely used to support joint comfort and mobility, with the strongest clinical evidence associated with its sulfate form rather than the hydrochloride form.
Glutathione
The body's primary intracellular antioxidant, composed of three amino acids, studied in oral supplement form for its effects on oxidative stress markers and, more prominently in consumer marketing, skin tone.
Glycerin
A sweet, syrupy liquid often used as a solvent in herbal tinctures and as a hydrating agent.
Gotu Kola
A neuroprotective botanical that supports cognitive function, enhances microcirculation, and reduces anxiety.
Grape Seed Extract
A potent source of oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) that supports vascular elasticity and reduces lower limb edema.
Green Tea Extract
A highly concentrated source of catechins, notably EGCG, known for profound antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Guarana
A powerful Amazonian seed extract naturally rich in caffeine, used to reduce fatigue, boost metabolism, and improve focus.
Guggul
A resin extract from the Commiphora mukul tree, traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine to support healthy cholesterol and metabolic function.
Gymnema Sylvestre
A traditional Ayurvedic botanical known as the "sugar destroyer," studied for its effects on sugar cravings and glucose absorption.
H
4 ingredientsHawthorn Berry
A cardiovascular tonic utilized for centuries to support healthy blood pressure and strengthen heart function.
Histidine
An essential amino acid that serves as a precursor to histamine and plays a role in tissue repair and immune function.
Hyaluronic Acid
A naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan known for its exceptional capacity to retain water, used orally to support skin hydration, elasticity, and joint lubrication.
Hydroxyproline
A unique amino acid derivative that stabilizes the collagen molecule and acts as the primary biomarker for cellular tissue repair.
I
5 ingredientsInsoluble Fiber
A type of dietary fiber that does not dissolve in water, primarily acting as a bulking agent to support bowel regularity.
Inulin
A soluble prebiotic fiber that nourishes beneficial gut bacteria, improving digestion and metabolic health.
Iodine
An essential trace mineral required for the synthesis of thyroid hormones, regulating basal metabolic rate and cellular oxygen consumption.
Iron
An essential dietary trace mineral critical for oxygen transport, mitochondrial energy production, and cellular respiration.
Isoleucine
A branched-chain essential amino acid involved in energy regulation, glucose uptake, and muscle tissue repair.
J
1 ingredientsK
2 ingredientsL
7 ingredientsL-Theanine
An amino acid primarily found in green tea leaves that promotes relaxation without drowsiness, often paired with caffeine to smooth out the "jitters".
L-Tyrosine
An amino acid precursor to dopamine and norepinephrine, clinically used to preserve cognitive function and memory under acute physiological or psychological stress.
Lactobacillus Acidophilus
A extensively researched probiotic strain that supports gut flora balance, lactose digestion, and immune function.
Leucine
A branched-chain essential amino acid that is the primary trigger of the mTOR pathway responsible for activating muscle protein synthesis.
Licorice Root
A traditional botanical containing glycyrrhizin, used to support digestive comfort, though it requires caution regarding blood pressure.
Lion's Mane
A functional mushroom prized for its potential to stimulate Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) and support long-term cognitive health.
Lysine
An essential amino acid required for protein synthesis, collagen formation, and calcium absorption.
M
14 ingredientsMaca Root
A traditional Peruvian adaptogen used to support energy, stamina, and hormonal balance without the use of stimulants.
Magnesium
A macromineral involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions, crucial for muscle relaxation, ATP production, and nervous system calm.
Magnesium Citrate
An ionic magnesium salt highly bioavailable for systemic replenishment, frequently utilized for its mild osmotic laxative effect.
Magnesium Glycinate
A highly bioavailable chelated form of magnesium used to support sleep architecture, reduce anxiety, and relieve muscle cramps.
Magnesium Hydroxide
An inorganic magnesium salt primarily utilized as a fast-acting osmotic laxative and antacid.
Magnesium L-Threonate
A specialized magnesium compound developed to cross the blood-brain barrier, supporting cognitive function and neurological calm.
Magnesium Malate
Magnesium bound to malic acid, clinically utilized to support mitochondrial energy production and alleviate muscular pain.
Manganese
A trace mineral involved in amino acid, cholesterol, and carbohydrate metabolism, and bone formation.
MCT Oil
Medium-Chain Triglycerides, a highly absorbable fat source used for rapid energy, cognitive support, and keto-adaptation.
Melatonin
A hormone naturally produced by the pineal gland to regulate the sleep-wake cycle, and one of the most extensively studied sleep-support supplements, though many commercial products contain doses far higher than shown effective in trials.
Menthol
A topical analgesic and counter-irritant known for its cooling sensation and ability to temporarily relieve minor muscle and joint aches.
Methionine
A sulfur-containing essential amino acid involved in metabolism, detoxification, and the synthesis of other important compounds.
Molybdenum
An essential trace element that functions as a cofactor for enzymes involved in breaking down sulfites and metabolizing drugs.
MSM
Methylsulfonylmethane, an organic sulfur compound commonly used to support joint comfort, flexibility, and connective tissue health.
N
6 ingredientsN-Acetyl L-Carnitine
An amino acid derivative that easily crosses the blood-brain barrier to support mitochondrial energy production and cognitive health.
Nano-hydroxyapatite
A biocompatible, nanoscale version of the primary mineral found in teeth, used to naturally remineralize enamel and reduce sensitivity.
Niacin
Vitamin B3, required for the synthesis of NAD/NADP and widely known for supporting healthy lipid profiles.
Niacinamide
A non-flushing form of Vitamin B3 studied for its role in cellular protection and support of joint comfort and mobility.
Nicotinamide Riboside
A precursor to NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide), studied for its role in cellular energy metabolism and healthy aging.
NMN
A direct metabolic precursor to NAD+, a coenzyme essential for cellular energy metabolism that declines with age, positioning NMN as one of the most actively researched compounds in the emerging longevity supplement category.
P
10 ingredientsPeptides
Highly bioavailable, enzymatically broken-down fragments of proteins (usually collagen) that stimulate tissue repair and cellular signaling.
Phenylalanine
An essential amino acid that serves as a precursor to important neurotransmitters, including dopamine and norepinephrine.
Phosphatidylserine
A vital phospholipid found in high concentrations in the brain, essential for cellular communication and memory formation.
Piperine
A bioenhancer alkaloid extracted from black pepper that dramatically increases the systemic absorption of other supplements.
Potassium
An essential intracellular electrolyte crucial for cellular hydration and preventing muscle fatigue.
Prebiotics
Non-digestible plant fibers that serve as food for beneficial gut bacteria, promoting a healthy microbiome.
Probiotics
Live beneficial bacterial strains that support a healthy gut microbiome and modulate immune function via the gut-associated lymphoid tissue.
Proline
A non-essential amino acid that serves as a fundamental building block for collagen synthesis and connective tissue repair.
Protein
An essential macronutrient composed of amino acids, vital for muscle repair, immune function, and overall cellular structure.
Psyllium Husk
A concentrated source of soluble, viscous fiber used to support satiety, healthy digestion, and blood sugar response.
Q
1 ingredientsR
2 ingredientsResveratrol
A polyphenol found in the skin of red grapes and in Japanese knotweed, popularized for its proposed role in activating longevity-linked cellular pathways and most extensively studied for cardiovascular and metabolic markers.
Rhodiola Rosea
A Scandinavian adaptogen widely used to reduce physical and mental fatigue, particularly during periods of acute stress or burnout.
S
8 ingredientsSchisandra
A powerful adaptogenic berry known to enhance physical performance, support liver function, and modulate the central nervous system stress response.
Sea Moss
A red algae (Chondrus crispus) harvested from North Atlantic coastlines, valued as a mineral-dense food source, though its popularity on social media has significantly outpaced the available clinical trial evidence.
Selenium
A potent trace mineral functioning as a critical antioxidant and an essential cofactor for the activation of thyroid hormones.
Senna Leaf
A potent botanical stimulant laxative commonly used to provide temporary relief from occasional constipation.
Shilajit
A mineral-rich resin that exudes from rocks in the Himalayan and Altai mountain ranges, used for centuries in Ayurvedic medicine and increasingly studied for its effects on testosterone, muscular fatigue, and mitochondrial energy production.
Sodium
A critical extracellular electrolyte responsible for hydration, nerve function, and preventing muscle cramps.
Soluble Fiber
A type of fiber that dissolves in water to form a gel, helping to lower cholesterol and regulate blood sugar levels.
St. John's Wort
A traditional herbal remedy famously used to support a positive mood and alleviate symptoms of mild depression.
T
6 ingredientsTart Cherry Extract
A rich source of natural melatonin and anthocyanins, highly effective for sleep support and muscle recovery.
Taurine
A conditionally essential amino sulfonic acid involved in cellular hydration, antioxidant defense, and cardiovascular function.
Threonine
An essential amino acid important for collagen and elastin production, and for supporting gut lining integrity.
Tongkat Ali
An adaptogenic botanical (Eurycoma longifolia) studied for its effects on testosterone levels, stress modulation, and vitality.
Tryptophan
An essential amino acid and precursor to serotonin and melatonin, relevant to mood regulation and sleep.
Turmeric
A golden botanical root rich in curcuminoids, widely studied for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, particularly for joint comfort.
V
12 ingredientsValine
A branched-chain essential amino acid that supports muscle tissue maintenance, energy production, and nitrogen balance.
Vitamin A
A fat-soluble retinoid essential for vision, immune function, and cellular communication.
Vitamin B1
Also known as Thiamine, critical for carbohydrate metabolism and neuronal energy production.
Vitamin B12
Essential for red blood cell formation, neurological function, and DNA synthesis.
Vitamin B2
Also known as Riboflavin, a key component of cellular energy production and redox reactions.
Vitamin B6
A versatile coenzyme involved in amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter synthesis, and hemoglobin production.
Vitamin C
A water-soluble essential vitamin and potent antioxidant, critically required for the endogenous synthesis of structural collagen.
Vitamin D
A fat-soluble vitamin essential for bone health, immune function, and calcium absorption, often encompassing both D2 and D3 forms.
Vitamin D3
A prohormone critical for calcium homeostasis, bone metabolism, and immune system modulation.
Vitamin E
A fat-soluble antioxidant essential for protecting cell membranes and preserving delicate omega-3 oils from oxidation.
Vitamin K2
A fat-soluble vitamin that directs calcium into bones and teeth while preventing its calcification in blood vessels.
Vitex
A clinically validated botanical for managing premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and supporting healthy progesterone-to-estrogen ratios.
W
4 ingredientsWhite Mulberry
A traditional botanical leaf extract studied for its ability to inhibit carbohydrate-digesting enzymes and blunt post-meal glucose spikes.
White Willow Bark
Nature's aspirin; contains salicin, providing powerful relief for joint pain, inflammation, and lower back discomfort.
Wild Oregano Oil
A potent essential oil derived from Origanum vulgare, known for its antimicrobial, antifungal, and antioxidant properties.
Wintergreen Oil
An essential oil containing high concentrations of methyl salicylate, functioning as a natural topical anti-inflammatory.
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1 ingredientsY
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